fetchmail

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fetchmail(1)                                                      fetchmail(1)




       fetchmail - POP, IMAP, ETRN, ODMR



       fetchmail [option...] [mailserver...]
       fetchmailconf



       fetchmail fetchmail  ()  mutt(1), elm(1), Mail(1) fetchmail  1

       fetchmail  (POP2,  POP3, IMAP2bis, IMAP4, IMAPrev1) ESMTP  ETRN  ODMR (
       RFC )

       fetchmail  (SLIP  PPP )  TCP/IP sendmail  () SMTP

         fetchmail  (localhost) 25  SMTP  TCP/IP  MDA (Mail Delivery Agent  ()
       sendmail(8) smail, mmdf, exim, qmail )  (.forward )  MDA

       25 fetchmail  MDA  MDA  fetchmail procmail(1) sendmail(1)

         fetchmailconf  fetchmailrc   X   Python  Tk  fetchmail  (Novice mode)
       (Expert mode)  fetchmail `Autoprobe ()'



       fetchmail ~/.fetchmailrc ( fetchmailconf ) ~/.fetchmailrc

        ~/.fetchmailrc  `poll'

       fetchmail

        fetchmail  .fetchmailrc

        fetchmailrc




       -V, --version
               fetchmail fetchmail C

       -c, --check
               ()  () ETRN  ODMR  IMAP POP3 POP3

       -s, --silent
               / () --verbose

       -v, --verbose
               fetchmail --silent  2  (-v -v)


       -a, --all
              (: fetchall)  () POP3 TOP  RETR POP2 --all ()  ETRN  ODMR

       -k, --keep
              (: keep) keep  ETRN  ODMR

       -K, --nokeep
              (: nokeep) .fetchmailrc   keep ETRN  ODMR

       -F, --flush
              POP3/IMAP  ()  ETRN  ODMR :  MTA  fetchmail   fetchmail  :  `-k'
              fetchmail


       -p, --protocol 
              (: proto[col])  AUTO proto :

              AUTO   IMAP, POP3, POP2 ()

              POP2   Post Office Protocol 2

              POP3   Post Office Protocol 3

              APOP    MD5  POP3

              RPOP   RPOP  POP3

              KPOP    1109  Kerberos V4  POP3

              SDPS   Demon Internet  SDPS  POP3

              IMAP   IMAP2bis, IMAP4, IMAP4rev1 (fetchmail )

              ETRN   ESMTP  ETRN

              ODMR   On-Demand Mail Relay  ESMTP

       ETRN  ODMR ( ) ETRN ESMTP (BSD sendmail  8.8.0 )  SMTP ODMR  ODMR  ETRN
       ODMR  DNS

       -U, --uidl
              (: uidl)  UIDL  (POP3 ) (UIDL unique ID listing ( ID )) `keep'

       -P, --port <>
              (: port) port  TCP/IP

       --principal 
              (: principal) principal  principal Kerberos  POP3  IMAP

       -t, --timeout <>
              (: timeout) timeout fetchmail fetchmail  fetchmail fetchmail  -V
              fetchmail

       --plugin <>
              (:  plugin)  plugin  TCP   SOCKS, SSL, ssh  $PATH "%h"  "%p" ( )
              fetchmail

       --plugout <>
              (: plugout)  plugin  SMTP (SMTP plugin )

       -r <>, --folder <>
              (: folder[s]) ()  POP3, ETRN, ODMR

       --tracepolls
              (: tracepolls) fetchmail  Received `polling %s  account  %s'  %s
              (Received )

       --ssl  (: ssl)  SSL SSL  SSL IMAP  143 SSL  993

       --sslcert <>
              (: sslcert)  SSL SSL  SSL  ()  ()

       --sslkey <>
              (: sslkey)  SSL SSL  SSL  ()  ()

       --sslproto <>
              (: sslproto) ssl  `ssl2', `ssl3', `tls1'

       --sslcertck
              (: sslcertck) fetchmail (sslcertpath )  () SSL SSL OpenSSL CRL

       --sslcertpath <>
              (:  sslcertpath)  fetchmail  OpenSSL  OpenSSL (OpenSSL  tools/ )
              c_rehash

       --sslfingerprint
              (: sslfingerprint)  16  2  ( MD5 ) 16  OpenSSL SSL  fetchmail


       -S , --smtphost <>
              (: smtp[host])  (1 )  `localhost' Kerberos fetchmail   FQDN   25
              (IPv6  ``smtp'') (/ ) LMTP  UNIX ( Cyrus IMAP ) :

                   --smtphost
              server1,server2/2525,server3,/var/imap/socket/lmtp

               ODMR fetchmail  ODMR  SMTP, LMTP

       --fetchdomains <>
              (: fetchdomains) ETRN  ODMR  fetchmail  FQDN

       -D <>, --smtpaddress <>
              (: smtpaddress)  SMTP  RCPT TO SMTP (--smtphost  "localhost")

       --smtpname <@>
              (: smtpname) SMTP  RCPT TO

       -Z , --antispam 
              (: antispam) SMTP  SMTP  -1

       -m <>, --mda <>
              (: mda) -mda  -m (25 )  MDA 0  procmail  sendmail MDA 0   fetch-
              mail  fetchmail   root  ID  MDA  MDA "/usr/sbin/sendmail -oem -f
              %F %T", "/usr/bin/deliver", "/usr/bin/procmail -d %T"  ( SMTP  )
              %T MDA  From %F "sendmail -oem -t" To/Cc/Bcc  MDA  postmaster

       --lmtp (:  lmtp)  LMTP  (Local Mail Transfer Protocol) smtphost  ()  25
              (RFC 2033 )

       --bsmtp <>
              (: bsmtp)  BSMTP  SMTP fetchmail  SMTP  `-' fetchmail  MAIL FROM
              RCPT TO


       -l <>, --limit <>
              (:  limit)   10  (   "oversized  ()"  )  ( fetchall  IMAP  POP3)
              --limit  0 (--warning )  ETRN  ODMR

       -w <>, --warnings <>
              (: warnings)  `limit' fetchmail  ( `postmaster' ) ()

       -b <>, --batchlimit <>
              (: batchlimit) SMTP ( 0 )   --batchlimit   0  sendmail(8)   SMTP
              qmail(8)  smail(8)  MTA fetchmail  ETRN  ODMR

       -B <>, --fetchlimit <>
              (: fetchlimit)  1  1  --fetchlimit  0  ETRN  ODMR

       -e <>, --expunge <>
              (: expunge) POP2  POP3 fetchmail  QUIT  on fetchmail  QUIT  QUIT
              POP3 IMAP fetchmail  EXPUNGE  N fetchmail  N  0 ()  ETRN  ODMR


       -u <>, --username <>
              (: user[name]) fetchmail

       -I <>, --interface <>
              (: interface)  IP () fetchmail SLIP  PPP  point-to-point  TCP/IP
              TCP/IP (:  ISP ) ( ) --interface  IP :

                   interface/iii.iii.iii.iii/mmm.mmm.mmm.mmm

                (sl0,  ppp0  )  2  IP 2  IP 255.255.255.255 ()  Linux  FreeBSD
              FreeBSD monitor

       -M <>, --monitor <>
              (: monitor)  (: PPP )  TCP/IP fetchmail  Linux  FreeBSD  FreeBSD
              monitor  interface   root  SGID  kmem  fetchmail fetchmail   GID
              kmem

       --auth <>
              (: auth[enticate]) () any, `password', `kerberos_v5', `kerberos'
              ( `kerberos_v4'), gssapi, cram-md5, otp, ntlm, ssh () any fetch-
              mail (GSSAPI, KERBEROS_IV)  (CRAM-MD5, X-OTP, NTLM) (ssh ) pass-
              word,  cram-md5,  ntlm, otp fetchmail ssh  end-to-end ssh GSSAPI
              K4 gssapi  kerberos_v4 KPOP  Kerberos  ETRN


       -f <>, --fetchmailrc <>
              ~/.fetchmailrc <>   "-"  (  1  )   --version  0600  (u=rw,g=,o=)
              /dev/null

       -i <>, --idfile <>
              (: idfile) POP3  UID  .fetchids

       -n, --norewrite
              (:  no rewrite) fetchmail  RFC-822 (To, From, Cc, Bcc, Reply-To)
              ID (@ ) ( !)  (MTA ) ETRN  ODMR

       -E , --envelope 
              (:  envelope)  fetchmail   envelope   `X-Envelope-To'  `envelope
              "Received"'   sendmail    Received  .fetchmailrc  `no  envelope'
              Received

       -Q <>, --qvirtual <>
              (: qvirtual) envelope ( ) fetchmail  ISP () qmail qmail  1

              `Delivered-To:'

               qmail  envelope  recipient   qmail  ISP  `Virtualhosts'  'user-
              name@userhost.userdom.dom.com' `Delivered-To:' :

              Delivered-To: mbox-userstr-username@userhost.userdom.dom.com

              ISP   'mbox-userstr-'  `envelope Delivered-To:' fetchmail  enve-
              lope recipient  `mbox-userstr-'

       --configdump
              ~/.fetchmailrc  Python fetchmailconf  Python ~/.fetchmailrc



       ETRN fetchmail ftp(1)  ID

        Unix fetchmail -u  ID  ID -u 'mailgrunt'  'jsmith' fetchmail :

              fetchmail -u jsmith mailgrunt

       fetchmail fetchmail ~/.fetchmailrc fetchmail

         fetchmail  ~/.fetchmailrc  fetchmail  ~/.netrc  fetchmail   poll  via
       ~/.netrc ftp(1) ( )

         ID  ID

         POP3  (RFC1081,  RFC1225) rhosts  RPOP  ID PASS  RPOP fetchmail  RPOP
       (`protocol RPOP' fetchmail  `PASS'  `RPOP' ) RFC1460

       RFC1460  APOP  POP3 APOP (  popauth(8) ) ~/.fetchmailrc fetchmail

        fetchmail  Kerberos  Kerberos  (--auth  .fetchmailrc authenticate ker-
       beros_v4 ) fetchmail  Kerberos : poll  via  `hesiod' fetchmail  Hesiod

       GSSAPI   POP3   IMAP  fetchmail   RFC1731   RFC1734  GSSAPI  Kerberos V
       tiket-granting  --user  .fetchmailrc  user

        IMAP PREAUTH fetchmail  ssh  imapd fetchmail  `ssh'

       POP3  RFC1938 fetchmail

       Compuserve  RPA  (APOP )  "@compuserve.com" fetchmail RPA

       IMAP (Microsoft Exchange ) Microsoft  NTLM AUTH=NTLMfetchmail  ()  NTLM
       @ user : @ @ NTLM

       IPsec   -T   (--netsec)    IP  IP   .fetchmailrc   `netsec'  inet6_apps
       net_security_strtorequest()

       --ssl  SSL  .fetchmailrc  "ssl" SSL SSL  SSL POP3  IMAP SSL SSL

       SSL  (CA, Certification Authority)

       SSL  SSL  SSL  SSL ( OpenSSL)

       SSL  : (http://www.monkey.org/~dugsong/dsniff/ dsniff ) ssh  ()



       --daemon <> -d <> fetchmail

        fetchmail



              fetchmail -d 900

        ~/.fetchmailrc ( `skip' ) 15  1

       `set daemon  '  ~/.fetchmailrc    --daemon  0   -d0
       fetchmail

        1 fetchmail

        fetchmail (fatchmali  root  SIGHUP  SIGUSR1 )

        --quit ( fetchmail ) --quit

       quit

       -L <> --logfile <>  (: set logfile)  ()

       --syslog   (:  set  syslog) syslog(3)  fetchmail  ID, LOG_MAIL LOG_ERR,
       LOG_ALERT,  LOG_INFO   .fetchmailrc  --nosyslog  ~/.fetchmailrc  -L  <>
       --logfile <> syslog(3)

       -N --nodetach  logfile ()

        POP2  IMAP2bis  (DNS  sendmail )  fetchall () (IMAP )

       fetchmail   ~/.fetchmailrc   touch  ~/.fetchmailrc  fetchmail  (exec(2)
       fetchmail ) ~/.fetchmailrc  fetchmail



       --postmaster <>  (:  set  postmaster)   fetchmail   root   `postmaster'
       postmaster

       --nobounce RFC1894  (bouncing error) nobounce  postmaster

       --invisible  (: set invisible)  fetchmail fetchmail  MTA  Received  MTA
       fetchmail invisible Received fetchmail  MTA

       --showdots  (: set showdots)  (tty) () fetchmail  5.3.0

       --tracepolls  fetchmail  "polling  {label}  account  {user}"   Received
       {label}  (  ~/.fetchmailrc ) {user}  E ( ) .fetchmailrc  `tracepolls'



       fetchmail 25  SMTP  fetchmail ()

       MDA MDA 0 procmail(1) sendmail(1) exim(1) mda  MDA  0

       fetchmail ( fetchmail --keep )  () --all  ()

        POP2 POP2 fetchmail POP2

       POP3 RFC1725  POP3 LAST  POP ( fetchmail -v  LAST ) fetchmail POP3  UID
       .fetchids IMAP

        POP3 (VMS ) fetchmail IMAP

       POP3  POP3 fetchmail No mail

       IMAP  \Seen Unix fetchmail  IMAP BSD  Status  \Seen   IMAP   RFC   Unix
       IMAP  () fetchmail --keep

       ETRN  ODMR fetchmail  SMTP  SMTP



       SMTP  (spam filter)  MAIL FROM  DATA ()  SMTP

        sendmail  571  RFC1893  "Delivery not authorized, message refused"

       RFC821  550 "Requested action not taken: mailbox unavailable" ( "[E.g.,
       mailbox not found, no access, or command rejected for policy reasons]."
       )

       exim  MTA  501 "Syntax error in parameters or arguments"  550

       postfix  MTA  554

       fetchmail   [571,  550,  501, 554] `antispam' fetchmail 3  1 ( 552, 553
       ID )

       fetchmail  IMAP  antispam antispam spam

       spambounce RFC1892


SMTP/ESMTP
        fetchmail  SMTP/ESMTP :

       452 ()


       552 ()


       553 ()






       fetchmail .fetchmailrc ( fetchmailconf )

       --version ~/.fetchmailrc 600 (u=rw,g=,o=) 600 fetchmail

       fetchmail .fetchmailrc


        '#'

        4 :  (10) ()  `,', `;', `:', `='

         C  (\n, \t, \b, 8, 16)

        `poll'  `skip' :

        `server'  `poll'

        `and', `with', `has', `wants', `options'  ':', ';', ','


   poll  skip
       `poll' fetchmail `skip' fetchmail (`skip' )


   /
         ([]) `-'

       :



       --------------------------------------
       set daemon
       set postmaster
       set no bouncemail       postmaster
       set no spambounce
       set logfile
       set idfile              UID
       set syslog              syslog(3)
       set nosyslog            syslog(3)
       set properties          fetchmail  ()

       :



       ---------------------------------------------------------
       via                    DNS  poll
       proto[col]       -p    (): POP2, POP3, IMAP, APOP, KPOP
       local[domains]
       port             -P   TCP/IP
       auth[enticate]         ( `password')
       timeout          -t    ( 300)
       envelope         -E
       no envelope

       qvirtual         -Q   qmail
       aka                    DNS
       interface        -I    IP
       monitor          -M    IP
       plugin
       plugout
       dns                    DNS  ()
       no dns                 DNS
       checkalias             IP
       no checkalias          ()
       uidl             -U   POP3  UIDL
       no uidl               POP3  UIDL  ()
       interval               N N
       netsec                IPsec
       principal             Kerberos   principal  (imap   ker-
                             beros )

       :



       ---------------------------------------------------
       user[name]      -u    (name  `here' )
       is
       to
       pass[word]
       ssl                  SSL
       sslcert               SSL
       sslkey                SSL
       sslproto              ssl
       folder          -r
       smtphost        -S    SMTP  ()
       fetchdomains
       smtpaddress     -D   RCPT TO
       smtpname             RCPT TO
       antispam        -Z    SMTP
       mda             -m    MDA
       bsmtp           -o    BSMTP
       preconnect
       postconnect
       keep            -k
       flush           -F
       fetchall        -a
       rewrite               ()
       stripcr
       forcecr
       pass8bits            ESMTP BODY=8BITMIME
       dropstatus            Status  X-Mozilla-Status
       dropdelivered         Delivered-To
       mimedecode           quoted-printable  8 MIME
       idle                  (IMAP )
       no keep         -K    ()
       no flush              ()
       no fetchall           ()
       no rewrite
       no stripcr            ()
       no forcecr            ()
       no pass8bits         ESMTP  BODY=8BITMIME  ()
       no dropstatus        Status  ()
       no mimedecode        quoted-printable  8  MIME  ()
       limit           -l
       warnings        -w
       batchlimit      -b   1
       fetchlimit      -B   1
       expunge         -e    (IMAP  POP3 )
       tracepolls            Received
       properties           fetchmail  ()



        .fetchmailrc `envelope' () ( 1  2 ) ISP  Received


       `folder'  `smtphost' ()

         :  `via',  `interval',  `aka',  `is',  `to',  `dns'/`no dns', `check-
       alias'/`no  checkalias',   `password',   `preconnect',   `postconnect',
       `localdomains',   `stripcr'/`no   stripcr',   `forcecr'/`no   forcecr',
       `pass8bits'/`no  pass8bits'  `dropstatus/no  dropstatus',   `dropdeliv-
       ered/no dropdelivered', `mimedecode/no mimedecode', `idle/no idle', `no
       envelope'.

       `via'  DNS  poll ()

       `interval'  () `interval N'  N

       `is'  `to'  () (= ) is/to  `*'

       1  Received, To, Cc, Bcc fetchmail  DNS

        () fetchmail Received, To, Cc, Bcc ( (multidrop mode)) fetchmail  poll
       `via',  `aka', `localdomains'  DNS `dns', `checkalias', `localdomains',
       `aka'

       fetchmail `nobounce'  postmaster ( fetchmail )

       `dns'  () DNS `aka'  `localdomains'

       `checkalias'  ()   `dns'   (canonical  name)   MTA  envelope  fetchmail
       To/Cc/Bcc  (  envelope  ) fetchmail poll  MTA  IP  IP  `no dns' `check-
       alias'

       `aka'  DNS  fetchmail  DNS  `aka'   --   `aka  netaxs.com'   netaxs.com
       pop3.netaxs.com  mail.netaxs.com `.netaxs.com'

       `localdomains'  fetchmail fetchmail  MDA ()

       `localdomains'  `no envelope' fetchmail Received  X-Envelope-To  `enve-
       lope'   envelope    `no   envelope'   `envelope   '   `envelope
       "Received"'  Received

       password

       `preconnect' fetchmail ssh(1)  POP

       `postconnect'

       `forcecr' LF CRLF  RFC821  MTA ( MTA  qmail )

       `stripcr' MDA (CR ) SMTP (CR ) `stripcr'  `forcecr' `stripcr'


       `pass8bits'  "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit"  Microsoft  () fetchmail
       ESMTP   BODY=7BIT  8-bit  ISO   KOI-8  `pass8bits'   fetchmail    ESMTP
       BODY=8BITMIME  8  ()

       `dropstatus'  Status X-Mozilla-Status  ()  MUA  () Status (:  POP  Sta-
       tus )

       `dropdelivered' Delivered-To  ()  Qmail  Postfix

       `mimedecode' quoted-printable  MIME   8  ESMTP  8  (  sendmail   MTA  )
       quoted-printable  8  MIME mimedecode  RFC2047

       `idle'   IMAP   RFC2177  IDLE  IDLE  fetchmail  IDLE IMAP IDLE TCP/IP /
       IDLE  fetchmail IDLE  IDLE

       `properties' fetchmail `--configdump'  Python



       `here'  `there'  `user eric is esr'  `eric' `esr' `user eric  there  is
       esr here' `user esr here is eric there'

       `protocol' :

           auto ( AUTO)
           pop2 ( POP2)
           pop3 ( POP3)
           sdps ( SDPS)
           imap ( IMAP)
           apop ( APOP)
           kpop ( KPOP)


         `any',  `password',  `kerberos', 'kerberos_v5', `gssapi', `cram-md5',
       `otp', `ntlm', `ssh` `password' ( APOP ) `kerberos' fetchmail  Kerberos
       `gssapi'  fetchmail  GSSAPI  `auth'

       `kpop' 1109 Kerberos V4  POP3

         4 `set logfile' --logfile  --logfile  `set daemon' --daemon  --daemon
       --daemon 0 `set postmater' `set syslog'  syslogd(8)


RFC 822
        fetchmail :

               Return-Path:
               Resent-Sender: (@  ! )
               Sender: (@  ! )
               Resent-From:
               From:
               Reply-To:
               Apparently-From:

        SMTP  MAIL FROM ()

       : fetchmail  Received: (`envelope' ) Received

       fetchmail  Resent-To:, Resent-Cc:, Resent-Bcc:  To:/Cc:/Bcc:   Resent-*
       To:, Cc:, Bcc:, Apparently-To: (Resent-To: To: )



       password / $HOME/.netrc  fetchmail  ftp(1)

       :

         poll SERVERNAME protocol PROTOCOL username NAME password PASSWORD

       :

         poll pop.provider.net protocol pop3 username "jsmith" password "secret1"

       :

         poll pop.provider.net proto pop3 user "jsmith" password "secret1"

       :

         poll pop.provider.net proto pop3 user "jsmith" pass "secret1"
         poll other.provider.net proto pop2 user "John.Smith" pass "My^Hat"

        2 :

         poll pop.provider.net proto pop3
             user "jsmith", with password secret1, is "jsmith" here;
         poll other.provider.net proto pop2:
             user "John.Smith", with password "My^Hat", is "John.Smith" here;

        ()


        :

         poll mail.provider.net with proto pop3:
               user "jsmith" there has password "u can't krak this"
                           is jws here and wants mda "/bin/mail"

        `poll' `defaults' :

         defaults proto pop3
               user "jsmith"
         poll pop.provider.net
               pass "secret1"
         poll mail.provider.net
               user "jjsmith" there has password "secret2"

        ( root  fetchmail ) 1  `user' :

         poll pop.provider.net proto pop3 port 3111
               user "jsmith" with pass "secret1" is "smith" here
               user jones with pass "secret2" is "jjones" here keep

         `smith'  the  pop.provider.net   `jsmith'   `jjones' pop.provider.net
       `jones' `jones'

        :

         poll pop.provider.net:
               user maildrop with pass secret1 to golux 'hurkle'='happy' snark here

        `maildrop'  `golux',  `hurkle',  `snark'  `golux'   `snark'   `hurkle'
       `happy'

       :

         poll pop.provider.net localdomains loonytoons.org toons.org:
               user maildrop with pass secret1 to * here

         `maildrop'   fetchmail  loonytoons.org   toons.org (`joe@daffy.loony-
       toons.org' )  SMTP !

       ssh  plugin ssh imapd  IMAP

       poll mailhost.net with proto imap:
               plugin "ssh %h /usr/sbin/imapd" auth ssh;
                    user esr is esr here



        ETRN  ODMR

         ID  1 1


    envelope
        1 (`envelope ', RFC822  To/Cc/Bcc )  `envelope '

       fetchmail  envelope  MTA sendmail  1 MTA  envelope  Received   `by/for'
       MTA fetchmail  envelope -E "Received"  `envelope Received'

         SMTP  envelope  () `X-Envelope-To' -E  `envelope' fetchmail  envelope
       () /

       `X-Envelope-To' qmail  `Delivered-To' -Q  `qvirtual'

        fetchmail  To/Cc/Bcc  To

       fetchmail  fetchmail

        Bcc  envelope (X-Envelope fetchmail )  X-Envelope fetchmail



       fetchmail  `esr' () "fetchmail-friends"

       `fetchmail-friends'  `esr' .fetchmailrc `to esr fetchmail-friends here'
       `fetchmail-friends'   SMTP `esr'  fetchmail-friends (sendmail  -oXm OXm
       )

        `X-Fetchmail-Warning' fetchmail  () fetchmail



        fetchmail fetchmail  envelope  fetchmail  (root )

        fetchmail  1  POP  IMAP ( envelope ) fetchmail  ETRN  ODMR  SMTP  (  )
       UUCP

        fetchmail  envelope



        fetchmail  DNS to ... here

        `aka'  DNS aka  DNS ( MX )  `no dns'  DNS aka



        fetchmail

       fetchmail :

       0      1 (-c )

       1       ( )

       2        fetchmail /etc/services

       3        ID APOP ID fetchmail

       4

       5      fetchmail

       6

       7       fetchmail

       8       fetchmail fetchmail fetchmail

       9       "lock busy" !   "2"  () "lock busy"  "lock" qpopper

       10     SMTP fetchmail

       11      DNS fetchmail  DNS

       12     BSMTP

       13      (--fetchlimit )

       14

       23

       fetchmail  0



       ~/.fetchmailrc


       ~/.fetchids
             ID (UIDL RFC1725  POP3 )

       ~/.fetchmail.pid
             ( root )

       ~/.netrc
            FTP ()

       /var/run/fetchmail.pid
             (root Linux )

       /etc/fetchmail.pid
             (root /var/run )



        FETCHMAILUSER ()  LOGNAME  USER ( UID  ID ) getpwuid(3)  ID ( 1  ID )

         FETCHMAILHOME   .fetchmailrc,  .fetchids,  .fetchmail.pid  ()  .netrc
       FETCHMAILHOME



       fetchmail  root SIGHUP skip ()

        fetchmail  root  SIGUSR1 (logout  SIGHUP fetchmail  kill )

        fetchmail fetchmail



       mda  plugin MDA fetchmail  MDA

        RFC822  @-

        envelope fetchmail envelope  1 (procmail, mailagent, maildrop )

          TCP/IP   (packet  sniffer)  Linux   FreeBSD  --interface   IP    (a)
       (promiscuous mode) (b) ssh(1)

       mda  %F, %T  `_' fetchmail  MDA SUID fetchmail root %F, %T mda

       fetchmail  bouncemail  spambounce  25  SMTP

        ~/.fetchmailrc syslog

       () -f -

       UIDL () IMAP4

       `principal'  Kerberos IV Kerberos V

       fetchmail-friends   HTML  FAQ  fetch-
       mail http://www.tuxedo.org/~esr/fetchmail `fetchmail'  WWW



       Eric S. Raymond   Carl Harris 
       popclient



       mutt(1), elm(1), mail(1), sendmail(8), popd(8), imapd(8), netrc(5)


       SMTP/ESMTP:
            RFC 821, RFC2821, RFC 1869, RFC 1652, RFC 1870, RFC1983, RFC 1985

       mail:
            RFC 822, RFC2822, RFC 1123, RFC 1892, RFC 1894

       POP2:
            RFC 937

       POP3:
            RFC  1081,  RFC  1225,  RFC 1460, RFC 1725, RFC1734, RFC 1939, RFC
            1957, RFC2195, RFC 2449

       APOP:
            RFC 1460, RFC 1725, RFC 1939

       RPOP:
            RFC 1081, RFC 1225

       IMAP2/IMAP2BIS:
            RFC 1176, RFC 1732

       IMAP4/IMAP4rev1:
            RFC 1730, RFC 1731, RFC 1732, RFC 2060, RFC 2061,  RFC  2195,  RFC
            2177, RFC 2683

       ETRN:
            RFC 1985

       ODMR/ATRN:
            RFC 2645

       OTP: RFC 1938

       LMTP:
            RFC 2033

       GSSAPI:
            RFC 1508



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